Coporate Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Coporate Governance - Essay Example Definition of corporate social responsibility also includes the broader concept of economic, environmental, and social sustainability. CSR is a fundamental part of an integrated set of principles applied to the management of business. A business model should integrate economic performance with environmental and social values. This is a good definition of corporate social responsibility. The Boeing Company is the world's leading aerospace company, with its heritage mirroring the history of flight. It is the largest manufacturer of satellites, commercial jetliners, and military aircraft. The company is also a global market leader in missile defense, human space flight, and launch services. in the cabins and cockpits of many jets manufactured. Use of an overly harsh cleaning fluid on fuel tanks caused the inner coating of the tanks to flake off. Fuel tank repairs were made after the tanks had been Boeing has managed to stifle environmental reforms, become the state's second-worst polluter in a region renowned for its environmental awareness, and avoid serious scrutiny from the media, the public and even environmentalists. Despite Boeing's claims of a proactive environmental evolution, government regulators agree that Boeing rarely makes any major environmentally minded reforms without being so ordered. Boeing has taken credit, for example, for phasing out wasteful spray-paint guns and the use of CFCs in its part-cleaning vapor-degreasers. Boeing withholds from the public details of its plans to reduce toxic waste emissions, keeping watchdogs in the dark about areas where the company could or should be cutting down on pollution. State officials are allowed to see the plans, but they can't copy them. Perhaps most importantly, Boeing uses its enormous tentacles reaching deep into the state's political, business, social, even religious institutions to blunt criticism.Boeing's Aub urn plant discharged nearly 1,400 pounds of chromium - a carcinogenic heavy metal that can kill marine wildlife - into one of Metro's sanitary sewage systems. Boeing uses chromium to help make parts corrosion-resistant. Unbeknownst to Metro, the chromium went to the agency's sewage treatment plant in Renton, where most of it found its way into truckloads of bio solids - treated solid waste primarily used to fertilize forest and farm lands. Much of it winds up in the Olympic National Forest. In 2003 Boeing Co. chairman and chief executive Phil Condit resigned unexpectedly only days after the huge aerospace manufacturer fired two other Boeing officials for an alleged ethics breach. Condit had been with Boeing since 1965, when he joined the company as an aerodynamics engineer. He has been chief executive since 1996 and chairman since 1997; the company's seventh chairman since it was founded in 1916.Boeing has been roiled for months by ethical controversies

Business Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Proposal - Essay Example Operating as an acquirer, PayPal processes payment for commercial users at a fee before transferring the money to the other party whom it further charges yet another fee. The receiver of the money gets it in a preferred currency including respective local currencies after converting at the prevailing market rates as determined by the foreign exchange rates. This report introduces the service into the market. In doing this, the report analyses the potential market and the probability for profitability. The product introduction is the basic marketing procedures that involve market determination. This requires effective consideration of the opportunities and threats presented by the market and the strengths and weaknesses of the product that the marketer must consider before positioning the product. The market that the service target is an oligopoly implying that it has various firms offering similar services; the new product will therefore face intense competition from the existing companies. However, the various companies have a marginal control of the market thereby creating room enough for the growth of the new player. With effective marketing, the new service will possibly claim a share of the market and even become a monopoly. This will rely on the marketing features employed by the marketers both at introduction and in subsequent marketing operations. E-commerce is real time and it required a competitive payment system that would match the transactions carried out. In essence, the payment systems needed to be instant. This is a feature, which was yet to be realized. PayPal thus positions itself as the only intermediary capable of processing and availing the money to the appropriate parties within the time that transactions are made. The demand for online payment solutions has increased with the advent of electronic commerce. Most companies currently have websites and support electronic transfer of goods and

Shakespeares Wicked Kings Essay Example for Free

Shakespeares Wicked Kings Essay The audience learns quite a lot about Richardss personality agenda and beliefs from the opening soliloquy that he makes.  Richard is discontent with the state of peace in which England is in at the time. In battle he may perhaps have been a formidable warrior who used to fright the souls of fearful adversaries. War may have been what he was good at, and considering he is related to King Edward he was probably a general in the Wars of the Roses. This means that now there are no more battles to be fought, and Richard has a lot of time on his hands. He has no delight to pass away the time The audience learns some shocking things about Richardss views on love and loyalty in the soliloquy. Richard is a very bitter man and because of his deformity, feels that he can not pass the time by flirting and other things to do with women. He is a very disloyal person and probably would have a bad relationship with a woman because he wants to set his brother Clarence and the king in deadly hate the one against the other so that they eliminate each other and he can take control and run things how he sees fit. He is willing to betray his own family to meet his ends. He is not much for pastimes such as strutting before a wanton ambling nymph or sportive tricks as his deformity prevents him from participating in such activities as he is lame. He has little time or respect for people that he thinks are fools, or who are better than him through having no deformity. The audience also learn that he thinks very little of his brothers as he is willing to have them be at each others throats. He also doesnt think too much of their intelligence. He had a prophecy made up which says that G of Edwards kin will kill him. He is that G, the Duke of Gloucester and the audience believe that he must think that his brothers are very stupid not to see his deliberate mistake his prophecy. He thinks very little of himself or his body as he is deformed. His deformity makes him unable to caper nimbly in a ladys chamber. He has no dignity thanks to his deformity as even dogs bark at me as I halt by them. He is unable to participate in sport, have relationships with women, or have dignity. This understandably has warped his mind and he decides that since I cannot prove a lover then he is determined to prove a villain. He does however have a high opinion of his intelligence. This apparent from his deliberate mistake and the fact that when his prophecy is made known to Edward, Clarence (whose first name is George and therefore the G in the prophecy) is almost immediately arrested.  His effect on the audience is initially one where they feel sorry for him being bitter as his deformity is causing him much grief. Later on the audience learn that he is arrogant and scheming but can back up his intelligence as it would take great organisational skill to have Clarence arrested so quickly.

IMC Plan For Milk Management Essay

IMC Plan For Milk Management Essay This project is about the IMC used by the Milk company. It includes the all the promotional tools used by the company for marketing communication. In this we are using different sales and promotion techniques for the sale of our company milk and building a strong image of our company product in the minds of our customers. Special kinds of price discounts , samples are given to the customers and traders for the strong positioning of our product in the market. The name of milk product is the pure milk, and the tagline of our milk product is ‘the real milk of India.† The main objective of our company is to provide better quality to our customers as compared to our competitors and building a good image of our product in the minds of the customers. By providing a better quantity to our customers our company will generate a revenues, which our company would further invest for increasing our product line. In this we it is discussed that what are the different kinds of four Ps of our company . What is the Price of our milk , What are the different kinds of promotional tools used by our company for the sale of our product . Different kinds of strategy are used by our company for increasing revenues from our milk product. At the end estimation of budget is done for knowing the expected expense done by the company for our milk product. INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING UNDERSTANDING MARKETING- Before we begin discussing marketing communication, We must take a moment to understand its higher order discipline ,viz, marketing. Marketing is a composite of many activities related to customers need fulfillment and satisfaction. Marketing includes many tasks right from identifying consumers needs and wants to fulfilling them. DEFINITION OF MARKETING- The American Marketing Association defines marketing as the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchange that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. For marketing to be effective ,it requires successful coordination of all these activities at different levels in the organization. THE MARKETING MIX Various maketing activities can be classified into four general categories,viz,Product, Price, Place( distribution ) and promotion, which are populary known as the 4Ps of marketing or marketing mix. PRODUCT- This includes all the activities related to the conception and planning of actual product that fulfills consumers needs and wants, i.e, decisions regarding product quality , designs, features , sizes, varieties, brand name, warranty, gurantee and other services. In this project the product is milk. The name of our company is the PURE MILK .Milk is provided in different packages of different sizes i.e,1 kg and half Kg packets. Pice of is 28 Rs and Half Kg product is Rs14. PRICE- This area deals with activities related to setting the price for the product. Decisions regarding retail and wholesale prices, margins of channel members, discounts and allowances, credit terms, payment period , etc. are the part of pricing function of marketing mix. The 1 kg of milk Packet is of Rs. 28 and Half Kg is of Rs 14. PLACE- Placement or distribution refers to all activities involved in getting the product to the final consumers. Decisions under this â€Å"P† relates to the distribution channels, market coverage, locations , inventory, transportation, etc. The main target market of our milk product is the PUNJAB STATE. As the people of Punjab are very health conscious and believe in better quality , So, our companies main target market is the population of Punjab. Our company would sell our milk product to all the retail outlets, Sweet shops, Dairy shops, in all over the Punjab. PROMOTION- Promotion refers to all the activities concerned with informing consumers about an organizations offering , persuading them to buy it, and reminding them it from time to time. Activities like advertising, sales promotion, directing, direct marketing, public relations, personal selling and other conventional media to comprise the â€Å"P† of operations. In promotion of our milk product we will use different kinds of promotional activities like advertising, direct marketing to the consumers and retail outlets. UNDERSTANDING MARKETING COMMUNICATION(PROMOTION) It involves all the activities concerned with effectively communicating Product information to select target audiences. A target audience is a group of consumers to whom marketing communication messages is directed. The prime purpose of communication is congnitive, affective or behavioural response, whatever that desired response may be. In other words, the communicator might want to imprint something in consumers mind(cognitive response), change in attitude(affective response) or get the consumer to act (behavioral response). ADVERTISEMENT OF MILK COMPANY (PURE MILK) The word advertising is derived from its Latin root ‘ad verter† Which means ‘to turn towards† or â€Å"to attract attention to†. DEFINITION OF ADVERTISEMENT- Advertisement is the any paid form of non- personal presentation and promotion of ideas or products by an identified sponser. The main objective of advertisement can be categorized based on whether their goal is to- Inform Persuade Remind Reinforce In our company of milk product , we can use the Brand Building advertising that focus on creating product awareness and brand building image.It is strategic and hence relatively long term in nature. We use the tagline â€Å"pure milk†, â€Å"the real milk of India†. Retail advertisement can also be used by the retailers on the local scale.It is aimed at building store traffic, creating a distinctive image for the store and more often than not, at triggers sales in short run. Retail advertisement is more informational, giving details about the outlets and its offerings. E.G The retail outlets where we sell our milk would put down small notice on their blackboards about our product i.e , it is available there , its prices, it will help in attracting more and more customers. DIRECT MARKETING- We will sell our milk also through direct marketing. Direct marketing is a interactive system of marketing which use one or more advertisement media to effect a measurable response or transaction at any location. The advantage of direct marketing is that in results in quicker sales, better targeting and relationship building and less competition and from this we will come ,more close to our customers. In this case we will come more close to our customers and will get the perception of the customers towards our product. TELEVISIONS- Our company will make a advertisement of our company milk product and telecast it on the T.V. Special kind of creative advertisement is made by the company for creating interest of the customers towards our milk product. The main aim of our television advertisement to aware people about our milk product. INTERNET—As we know in today scenario, Internet is having a special place in the minds of the people. Our company Will also make Our website from which the interested people will get the important information about our product and about the product benefits and quality. The main benefit of Internet communication is that it is directed directly towards the target market . The customers who are interested will easily go through our website and get knowledge about our product. It is totally personalized and up to date mechanism for attracting customers towards our company. Through it customers will also give their experiences and suggestions for our milk product. DIFFERENT KINDS OF SALES AND PROMOTIONS USED BY THE COMPANY DEFINITION OF SALES AND PROMOTION ‘Sales promotion consist of a diverse collection of incentives tools, mostly short term , designed to stimulate quicker and greater purchase of a particular product or services by the consumers or the trade.† Types of sales promotion used by our company- Our company will used different type of sales promotion activities for increasing sales of our product and awaring the customers towards our project.Consumer promotions are those that are directed to the consumers. The objective of consumer promotion is to offer the consumers some added benefit to entice him to buy the product.Ths is normally done in addition to the advertisement. Whereas advertising has a long run effect on the purhase behaviour , connumers promotion have more of a short term effect. SAMPLING- This form of promotion ifs found to be especially useful when one is introducing a product for the first time. Our company will also gives sample to the target customers for checking out their reactions towards our product The samples are either distributed at the retail outlets and residences of the final customers.Our company also request the consumers to fill up a questionnaire after the sample is used and thus are able to get feedback about our product that whether the customers like it or not. But the sampling is however one of the most expensive method of consumer promotion and there is no gurantee that the customers will actually go and buy the sale pack of our product. PRICE OFF This is essentially offers the consumers the product at less than the marked maximum retail price. The purpose of this is to induce the consumer to try our milk product immediately. QUANTITY DEALS- In the quantity deals , our company may provide more quantity in a same price for attracting the customers towards our product. Like our company would increase the quantity at the underlying price of our product. This will helps us in attracting more and more customers towards our milk product. DISCOUNTS- Our company will give discounts to our customers. Like if The customers buy four -five liter milk or more than it or milk in a bulk , we will give them discounts. OUT PRODUCED GIFTS- In this case the gift item is attached to the product from outside. This will attract customers towards our product. Like we will give ONE PLASTIC GLASS free with every 1litre milk packet for attracting customers or increasing our sales. CONSUMERS CONTEST- These are run to create an excitement amongst the target segment. Contest are normally advertised extensively and test more often than not the knowledge of the consumer on the product or some other skills. We will involve the completion of a sentence , which may say that â€Å"I LIKE A PURE MILK BECAUSE OF -â€Å". Prizes for this contest would be very excited for creating interest of the consumers towards it. Different cash prizes, travel allowances will be given to the winners. TRADE PROMOTIONS- Trade promotions are those that are run to elict a better and quicker response from the trade. These can be done when introducing a new product to ensure enhanced stock preceeding a good season , or block a competitor. Trade promotions are normally part of of push strategy , the assumptions here are being that if the trader has a excess stocks bought trade scheme he will be motivated to push the product in order to recover his investment as soon as possible . There are several tools for trade promotions DEALERS GIFTS- For the sake of building a strong image in the minds of the dealers our company will also provide different kinds of dealers gifts and rewards so that they feel motivated and do more hard work for increasing sale of our milk product . If we provide gifts and rewards to our dealers they feel that our company is taking care of them and they are having a great position in our company. Different kinds of travel allowances , gifts, rewards are provided by our company. Special kinds of refrigerator are to be provided by the company for preservation of milk .On the special events like on new year, Diwali, gifts are given to the traders for getting them loyal to our product. DEALER CONTEST- Dealer contest are organized by our company for changing our traders as a loyal traders of the company and motivating them. Special kinds of rewards , gifts are given by the company for the winners. POINT OF SALE MATERIALS- Our company should also provide point of sale material to our dealers and traders. Special kinds of refrigerators, boxes are provided by our company for the better preservation of our milk product in the retail stores, dairy shops and sweet shops. SHOP BOARD PAINTINGS- Special kinds of hoardings, sign boards are fixed on outside and inside the shops, retail stores, dairy shops, sweet shops for attracting more and more customers and providing information to the customers that the product is provided by this particular shop. DEALERS DISCOUNTS —For making our traders more loyal to our company special discounts are arranged by our company. The traders who will purchase our milk product in the bulk or in a continous manner , special discounts are provided by the company to them by the company. DEALERS MEET- Special meetings are arranged by the company for doing meeting with the dealers, traders as they are more closed to the customers and they are having more information about the need, wants of the customers. The meetings are organized after every one and two months for meeting more information about our product and customer perception about our product. INTRODUCING NEW TASTE OF MILK PUREMILK(â€Å"THE REAL MILK OFINDIA†) MADE IN INDIA Manufactured BY- Pure Dairy Milk Company MUMBAI Phone No-12345678 THE IMC PLANNING PROCESS Marketing communication is one of the four tools of marketing mix. Hence, it is based on the strategic laid down in the marketing plan, which in turn is derived from overall business plan. Strategic planning is the process of devising a plan of action for meeting an organization goals with its limited resources and in the wake of varying market conditions. Strategy is allowed an organization to focus on limited sources on the best available opportunities, thereby achieving sales, profits and competitive advantage growth and a sustainable competitive advantage. There are three primary components of a strategic plan- OBJECTIVES- What a company wants to achieve. Objective dictate the course of action to be taken. E.G The main objective of our company is to provide better services to the customers. Our main target market is the retails shops, sweetshops, and dairy shops are there in the Punjab. STRATEGY—A long term plan of action designed to achieve the objectives. The strategy of our company is to expand the market in rural villages and also increase the customers. TACTICS- Immediate actions with resources at hand, short-term isolated events to take advantage of opportunities at hand. E.G— Company will reduce its prices as compared to others competitors. Like the selling price of 1 Kg Milk Product is Rs 24 and Half Kg milk product is Rs. 12. The current price of milk of our competitors are 1 Kg is of Rs 28 and half Kg packet is Rs 14. Our company will also provide discounts to the retailers ,wholesalers if they purchase our product continuously or in the bulk. THE MARKETING PLAN The IMC Planning process begins with the review of marketing plan. A marketing plan is a written document that details the marketing objectives, strategies and tactics foe an organization, product or brand, and guides the marketing efforts. It is based on an in depth understanding of the firms internal and external environment- the industry, the competition, the product current positioning , its customers, etc. THE IMC PLAN- Following are the steps involved in the IMC planning process. SUITATIONAL ANAYSIS- Like the marketing plan , the promotional plan also begins with an analysis of factors that are relevant to Promotional suitation. PAST PROMOTIONAL SITUATION- Review of campaign including their objectives , audiences, strategies, tools, media, and budgets. PRODUCT SITUATION- Our company will analyse that what are products which are present in our product category. Assessment of product benefits, quality, packaging, price, image, availability, features and unique selling points. Like our product is the milk our company is providing better quality milk to our customers as compared to our competitors. Price of product is that 1litre milk packet is of Rs 28 and Half Kg is of Rs 14. Avalibility- Our milk product is available at all the sweet shops, dairy shops and all the retail stores, which are having conditions for protection of milk. IMAGE- Our company have to made a unique image in the minds of our customers. So for this we have to chose features of our product so that our customers would easily remember our product. The mane of our milk product is â€Å"PURE MILK† AND THE TAGLINE OF OUR PRODUCT IS â€Å"THE REAL MILK OF INDIA AUDIENCE SITUATION- An analysis of audience of promotion buyers, influncers, decisions makers their demographic profile and psycographic profiles, behavioural patterns and life styles, factors influencing their products purchase decisions , buying patterns. COMPETITIVE SITUATION- Promotional strategies adopted by direct and indirect competitiors. In our product our main competitors are the other milk companies like Verka, Amul. Through tjis we would analyse that what is the position of our competitors in the market, what are their strengths, weakness, their product, price etc. Regulatory situation- Regulatory authorities governing the product category and media , and rules and regulations of the government which our company has to follow. Like our company has to see that what are the factors which we have to follow for sale of our milk product in the market. Whether we have the get license from the government and have to registered our company to them. Following are the some common area of analysis. A well-known practice for analyzing and summarizing the suitation is called SWOT analysis. STRENGTH Demand profile Absolutely optimistic demand Margins- Quite reasonable, even or packed liquid milk. Flexibilty of Product mix- Tremendous with balancing equipments. Availability of raw material- Abundant more than 80% of the milk products are flowing from the unorganized sector.which requires proper channelisation. Technical margins- Professionally trained -technical human resource manpower is built in our company. WEAKNESS PERISHABILITY- The main weakness of our milk product is its persihability. Special Conditions are required so that our milk cannot get spoiled. Pasteurization has overcome this weakness partially. Surely many new process will follow to improve milk quality and for extending its shelf life. LACK OF CONTROL OVER YIELD- Theortically, there is a little control over the milk yield. However , increased awareness of developments like embryo transplant, artifical insemination and properly managed animal husbandry practices coupled with the higher income to rural milk producers should automatically lead to improve in milk yield. LOGISTICS OF PROCUREMENTS- Because of bad roads and inadequate transportation facility make milk procurement problematic. But overall economic improvement in India, will lead to the improvement in these logistic problems. PROBLEMATIC DISTRIBUTIONS- All is not well with the distribution. There is a need of emergence of a cold chain linking the producer to refrigerator at the consumers home. COMPETITION- Now a days competition is very hard in every field. Our milk company may also face competition because of new entrants in the market.Because of huge competition the market is large is enough for us to carve out their niche market.We will overcome our competitors if we provide better services to our customer than our competitors. OPPTURNITIES FOR OUR COMPANY Failures is never ending final and success never ending VALUE ADDITION- We will add value to our milk products so that customers would buy product and will attract towards our product. Our company will add value added products like shikhand,ice-cream, paneer, khoa, flavoured milk, dairy sweets,etc, this will lead to a greater presence and flexibility in the market place along with oppturnities in the field of brand building. Addition of cultural products like yoghurt and cheese tends to furthet strength both in term of utisation of resouces and presence in the market place. A lateral view opens up oppturnities in milk proteins through casein, caseinates and other dietary products, further opening up . Export Oppturnities—If our product would get position in the market we will expand our market in the foreign countries also. Export oppturnities would be seen for increasing our customers.Our company would generate export potentials like various companies i.s- Amul is expoting their products in foreign countries like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka. Yet another aspect can be addition of infants foods,geriatric fods and nutritional THREATS Milk VENDORS- Today the milk vendors in the unorganized sector are occupying the pride , the place in the industry . Organised discrimination of information about the harm that they are doing to producers and consumers should see steady decline in their importance. Delicensing in the Indian Dairy Industry has been attracting a large number of entrepreneurs . But the success of them depends on the factor such as efficient economic facilities and innovation in the market place. DETERMINE THE PROBLEM OR OPPTURNITIES- The suitation analysis done in step 1 helps us to identify problems or oppturnities concerning communications. IMC plans can solve problems like awareness or knowledge, negative attitude, misconception about our product .I n this case we have to sell our milk product to the customers or have to aware the customers towards our product. DETERMINE COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES- Communication objectives flow marketing objectives. Our company will use different communication media for increasing the awareness of our customers towards our product. Like we can use T.V, radio, print media, hoardings, bill board to aware customers towards our product. The main objective of our different kind of communication media is same- To create awareness of our milk product To increase sale of ur milk product To build a good image of our product in minds of the customers. To provide better qualities to our customers. DETERMINE THE BUDGET After setting the communication objectives, our company has to estimate how much we are willing to spend on the promotional activities. The company has to consider various issues like how much the programme will it cost, how much it can afford how much competitors are spending. Our company can make the budget by analyzing the sales expense or estimating sales in the one territory. The Steps involved in the estimating the budget is as follows. PRODUCT TARGET-The first step in the analysing the budget is to analsye the target market that where we have to sell our product and at which region. Like our company is targeting the State Punjab . Our main target market is the sweet shops, dairy milk shops, retailers of the punjab and population of the Punjab. We have to sell our milk product there so that it would reach to all our customers. Special trade discounts, special offering are provided by our company to our traders, retailers so that feel motivated and helps us in creating awarness our product towards our product. Like special kinds of refigerators and other rewards are given by our company to the retailers, dairy milk shops and sweet shops for preserving our milk . SALES BUDGET OF OUR PRODUCT For getting information about our sale expenese, we estimate the expense occur by our company for selling it in the one small town , Dasuya. For selling our product in the Dasuya city we recruit five sales persons. There name are as follows- Mr. Sohan singh 2Mr. Mandeep Singh Mr. Akash Kumar Mr. Ram Kapoor Mr . Yashdeed We are sending our five people in different regions of Dasuya City.Like one in North Zone, One in south zone , One in East Zone, one in west zone. And one in central zone. The main benefit of sales target is Inreasing market coverage because sales persons are more close to their customers.They know where they have to go , who are their customers, how they have to communicate with their customers. It also controls selling expense and time because sales persons have to know where they have to go and at what time. Wstage of time and mone should be eliminated by this sales territory medium. It will helps in enabling better evaluation of sales force performance. It will customer relationships. Because customers feels that they are more close t company and company is providing better services to them. It helps in increasing sales and increasing profits and revenues of the company. MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIAL COVERAGE In the travel plan of our company customers we will do sheduling of our sales persons in a straight line manner, because through it all the sales persons start their daily schedule from the headoffice from their they get the information about their daily schedule and went to their assigned places. TIME MANAGEMENT TOOLS- The timing of our sales persons starts from the morning at 9:00 A. M. In the morning they have to come to the office for betting their daily schedule . At 10: 00 A.M they have to start their daily schedule and had to go their assigned places. In the evening at 5:00 P.M they have to get back in the office and had to report the headoffice about their daily schedule , how was their day and how was their experience of the whole day. At 2:00 clock, they are having their lunch for one hour. ESTIMATION OF THE BUDGET ON THE BASIS OF EXPENSE DONE ON ONE TERRITORY Salary of one sales persons in 1 month- Rs.15000 Salary of 5 sales persons- 150000 into 5= Rs 75000 Telephones charges- 1000into 5= Rs 5000 Vehicles Charges 1000 into5 Rs 5000 Daily meals charges-1000 into5= Rs 5000 Advertisement expense on T.V = Rs 90,000 Expense on print media and other Rs. 3,00,000 Medias like radio, internet= Raw materials Expenses = Rs. 5,00,00 Other Miscellaneous expenses= Rs .15,00,000 Total expense = Rs. 24,95,000 IMPEMENTATION OF THE PLAN- After making all this IMC plan we will Implement our planning for getting results and introducing our product in the market. Different kinds of communication tools are used by our company , for getting revenues and building a strong image of our product in the market. MONITOR/EVALUTION OF PERFORMANCE- After implementing, the whole IMC plan, we will evaluate our company performance to measure the expected results with the actual result and find whether our company IMC plan was able to build a strong image of our product. Different kinds of surveys, are conducted by our expertise to check the process of our IMC and monitoring the impact of IMC on the market and consumers mind. CONCLUSION From all the above information it is cleared that IMC is a very important aspect in introducing our product in the market and getting a strong position for our product. The tools of IMC like advertisements, direct marketing are helpful for our company for establishing a strong position in the minds of the customers and IMC provide assistance for the company for achieving their goals and objectives. These are the ways for fulfilling our objectives and provides us a path for fulfilling our objectives. By choosing different types of tools we convince our customers and attract our consumers towards our product a, and as a result of which we generate lots of revenues. BIBLOGRAPHY- http:/marketing about.com/ad/marketing glossary www the free dictionary.com/milk. www scrub com/doc/17660303/nestle-imc -plan. http freedictionary.com/milk/4540. www.imcplanning.comp.india.com www//marketing.about.comp//marketingglosary//imc.htm www.exampleessay.com.html drypen.in//salespromotion//sale tech.com BOOEK REFERRED- Sales And Promotion

Exxon Oil Spill Essay -- essays research papers

Oil spills have often occurred too many times in this world. Unfortunately, when this does happen, there is always losses of life. Many people are affected by it. There is always a price to pay. On March 24, 1989 the Exxon Valdez oil tanker spilt all its oil into the ocean.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Going about twelve miles per hour, the doubt of a oil spill was highly unlikely. But, when the oil tanker hit Bligh Reef in Alaska’s Prince William Sound, the worst oil spill in United States history occurred. Consequently, more than eleven million gallons of oil spued into the ocean. In addition, more than thirteen hundred miles of shoreline was coated with oil. Furthermore, the slick would have covered more than three football fields in width. It was the fifty-third ranked spill in the world and the worst the United States has ever seen. Many places would be contaminated by the oil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not only did the oil spill into the ocean, it also got on shore. More than one thousand miles of shore line was hit by the oil. It hurt the small towns along Alaska, Canada, and even parts of Russia that depend on fishing and the sea life. Many species were affected by it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The disaster destroyed many sea creatures. More than 250,000 birds were wiped out. Over 2,800 sea otters were killed. Analysis showed that there are two recovered species. These species are the bald eagle and the river otter. Also, there are eight recovering species. These are the black oystercatcher, common murre, marbled murrelet, mussel, Pacific herring, pink salmon, sea otter, sockeye salmon, and intertidal and subtidal flora and fauna. Unfortunate, there are six unrecovered species. Common loon, cormorant, harbor seal, harlequin duck, pigeon guillemot, and others are among these. In addition, there are four species of unknown recovery. They include the cutthroat trout, dolly varden, kittlitz’s murrelet, and rockfish. Not only were the fish affected, but also the humans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thousands of fisherman were hurt by the spill. In fact, more than 10,000 fisherman that work the waters of Prince William Sound, Cook Inlet, and Kodiak Island received money from Exxon. Exxon estimated that the losses to commercial fisheries amounted to $113 million. Exxon paid the fisherman $286.8 million in compensatory damages. Because of the s... ...more than $2.1 billion in cleanup costs in the first two years after the disaster. Surprisingly, only about fourteen percent of the oil was recovered by cleanup crews. Cleaning and natural degradation removed much of the oil from the beaches, but visually identifiable surface and subsurface oil persists at many locations. Of the approximate 1,300 miles of shorelines, 200 miles of it was considered heavy or medium oiling. The rest of the shorelines were considered light or very light oiling. So what happened to the 10.8 million gallons of oil released into the environment? Based on surveys, most of the oil either evaporated, dispersed into the water column, or degraded naturally. Cleanup crews just got fourteen percent of it while thirteen percent of it sunk to the sea floor. About two percent remains on the beaches.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  March 24, 1989 is a date no one will forget. As the worst oil spill ever to hit America, many sea creatures lost their life and humans lost their source of work and food. A lesson can be learned from the tragedy of the Exxon Valdez. It is too bad it was learned with the expense of thousands of sea creatures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Acid Base Extraction Essay -- essays research papers

Acid Base Extraction The purpose of this laboratory assignment was two-fold, first, we were to demonstrate the extraction of acids and bases, finally, determining what unknowns were present. Second, we were to extract caffeine from tea. These two assignment will be documented in two separate entities. Introduction: Acid/base extraction involves carrying out simple acid/base reactions in order to separate strong organic acids, weak organic acids neutral organic compounds and basic organic substances. The procedure for this laboratory assignment are on the following pages. 3) Separation of Carboxylic Acid, a Phenol and a Neutral Substance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of this acid/base extraction is to separate a mixture of equal parts of benzoic acid(strong acid) and 2-naphthanol(weak base) and 1,4- dimethoxybenzene(neutral) by extracting from tert-butylmethyl ether(very volatile).The goal of this experiment was to identify the three components in the mixture and to determine the percent recovery of each from the mixture. 4) Separation of a Neutral and Basic Substance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A mixture of equal parts of a neutral substance containing either naphthalene or benzoin and a basic substance containing either 4-chloroaniline or ethyl 4-aminobenzoate were to be separated by extraction from an ether solution. Once the separation took place, and crystallization was carried out, it became possible to determine what components were in the unknown mixture, by means of a melting point determination. Results Procedure Observations Inference Dissolve 3.05g Phenol Mixture was a golden-Neutral acid in 30ml brown/yellow color t-butyl methyl ether in Erlenmeyer flask and transfer mixture to 125ml separatory funnel using little ether to complete the transfer Add 10 ml of water  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organic layer=mixture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  aqueous layer=water(clear) Add 10 ml saturated aqueous   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sodium bicarbonate  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  NaHCO3 dissolves in solution sodium bicarbonate  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ... ...sp;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Caffeine salicylate is a Pasteur pipette while the  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  isolated(white color)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  formed. beaker is in the ice bath then vacuum filter. Caffeine beaker:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  51.61g   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -51.56g   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  .05g = 50mg % yield = .05g x 100% = 20%   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .25g Caffeine salicylate:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  17.198g   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -17.036g   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .062g % yield = .062g x 100% = 25%   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .25g Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the HPLC graph that follows, my product was very pure. The actual melting point of caffeine salicylate is 137 degree(C), my product was found to have a melting point of 138 degrees (C). As before, of course this experiment was not done completely error-free, the error is due almost entirely on human error.

Political Science Final Essay

Mushrooms have been part of religious rituals for thousands of years ago in the early tribes of Central America and Mexico (Health Education, 2008). Psilocybin is extracted from psilocybin mexicana mushrooms and other genus related mushroom species or artificially prepared in the drug laboratory (Health Education, 2008). Chemically, it is related with lysergic acid diethylamide and commonly known as â€Å"shrooms†, â€Å"psychedelic mushrooms†, or â€Å"magic mushrooms† (Health Education, 2008). Historically, for Indians in the Southern and Central America, psilocybin-containing mushrooms were sacred mushrooms and regarded as a means to the world of the spirits. At present time, Psilocybe mushrooms are widely available in fresh and dried forms that are usually ingested, chopped or brewed in tea (Health Education, 2008). Generally, psilocybin users experience tingling physical sensations, mild euphoria and increased music visual sensations and music sensitivity (Health Education, 2008). Literature Review Brief History Sculptures and human-like mushroom arts were prevalent during 1000-500 BC (Freeman, 2004). It was inferred that these artifacts have religious implications. As direct evidence, thirteenth century manuscript of Codex Vienna Mixtec proved the utilization of sacred mushroom in religious rituals (Freeman, 2004). The â€Å"Seven Flowers† was known as Mixtec God of hallucinatory plants represented through an image with a pair of mushrooms in hands (Freeman, 2004). Also, Aztec believed that moving from earthly to super natural realms back and forth was possible under the power of entheogen, the Prince of Flowers. This was called â€Å"the flowery dreams† by the Aztec and ascribed to hallucinatory effects of the sacred mushrooms (Freeman, 2004). In relation to this, Gordon Wasson personally witnessed the â€Å"velada† session led by curandera Maria Sabina at the Mazatec village in Huatla de Jimenez. This â€Å"velada† session is a religious ceremony involving the magic mushroom (Freeman, 2004). Pharmacological Properties Mushrooms with hallucinatory effects are naturally cultivated in the cow pastures and fields of the southeastern and northwestern parts of the United States (Freeman, 2004). The most common of all these mushrooms is Psilocybe mushroom containing psychoactive substances. The stems of psilocybin-containing mushrooms are slender and long with caps having underside dark gills. While the caps of fresh mushroom are dark brown along the edges, white or light brown central part topped in whitish-gray or white stems, dried mushrooms are rusty brown with scattered whitish parts (National Drug Intelligence Center, 2006). In 1958 Dr. Albert Hoffman, the lysergic acid diethylamide discoverer, identified psilocybin and psilocin as the active components of Psilocybe mushroom (Freeman, 2004). About four to ten milligrams per gram of this mushroom is its average psilocybin constituent (Freeman, 2004). In addition, psilocybin is classified as hallucinogenic drugs typically found in the United States, South American regions, and Mexico (National Drug Intelligence Center, 2006). This mushroom contains trace amount of psilocin and 0. 2% to 0. 4% of psilocybin (National Drug Intelligence Center, 2006). Further, psilocybin was reported as a very stable substance that can last even for 150 years in a sample mushroom (Freeman, 2004).